TY - JOUR
T1 - Unencapsulated and washable two-dimensional material electronic-textile for NO2 sensing in ambient air
AU - Oluwasanya, Pelumi W.
AU - Carey, Tian
AU - Samad, Yarjan Abdul
AU - Occhipinti, Luigi G.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would also like to acknowledge funding from the Innovate UK project No. 103543 MPSENS, the EPSRC Grants EP/KO3099X/1 and EP/LO15889/1, the European H2020 project 1D-NEON (Grant Agreement Nos. 685758, 881603) and the Federal Government of Nigeria for the funding for Pelumi's studies through the Presidential Special Scholarship for Innovation and Development (PRESSID) managed by the National Universities Commission (NUC) and funded by the Petroleum Technology Development Fund (PTDF). For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Materials adopted in electronic gas sensors, such as chemiresistive-based NO2 sensors, for integration in clothing fail to survive standard wash cycles due to the combined effect of aggressive chemicals in washing liquids and mechanical abrasion. Device failure can be mitigated by using encapsulation materials, which, however, reduces the sensor performance in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and therefore utility. A highly sensitive NO2 electronic textile (e-textile) sensor was fabricated on Nylon fabric, which is resistant to standard washing cycles, by coating Graphene Oxide (GO), and GO/Molybdenum disulfide (GO/MoS2) and carrying out in situ reduction of the GO to Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO). The GO/MoS2 e-textile was selective to NO2 and showed sensitivity to 20 ppb NO2 in dry air (0.05%/ppb) and 100 ppb NO2 in humid air (60% RH) with a limit of detection (LOD) of ~ 7.3 ppb. The selectivity and low LOD is achieved with the sensor operating at ambient temperatures (~ 20 °C). The sensor maintained its functionality after undergoing 100 cycles of standardised washing with no encapsulation. The relationship between temperature, humidity and sensor response was investigated. The e-textile sensor was embedded with a microcontroller system, enabling wireless transmission of the measurement data to a mobile phone. These results show the potential for integrating air quality sensors on washable clothing for high spatial resolution (< 25 cm2)—on-body personal exposure monitoring.
AB - Materials adopted in electronic gas sensors, such as chemiresistive-based NO2 sensors, for integration in clothing fail to survive standard wash cycles due to the combined effect of aggressive chemicals in washing liquids and mechanical abrasion. Device failure can be mitigated by using encapsulation materials, which, however, reduces the sensor performance in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and therefore utility. A highly sensitive NO2 electronic textile (e-textile) sensor was fabricated on Nylon fabric, which is resistant to standard washing cycles, by coating Graphene Oxide (GO), and GO/Molybdenum disulfide (GO/MoS2) and carrying out in situ reduction of the GO to Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO). The GO/MoS2 e-textile was selective to NO2 and showed sensitivity to 20 ppb NO2 in dry air (0.05%/ppb) and 100 ppb NO2 in humid air (60% RH) with a limit of detection (LOD) of ~ 7.3 ppb. The selectivity and low LOD is achieved with the sensor operating at ambient temperatures (~ 20 °C). The sensor maintained its functionality after undergoing 100 cycles of standardised washing with no encapsulation. The relationship between temperature, humidity and sensor response was investigated. The e-textile sensor was embedded with a microcontroller system, enabling wireless transmission of the measurement data to a mobile phone. These results show the potential for integrating air quality sensors on washable clothing for high spatial resolution (< 25 cm2)—on-body personal exposure monitoring.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85134423215&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-022-16617-1
DO - 10.1038/s41598-022-16617-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 35853965
AN - SCOPUS:85134423215
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 12
JO - Scientific Reports
JF - Scientific Reports
IS - 1
M1 - 12288
ER -