TY - JOUR
T1 - Ubiquitous Localization (UbiLoc)
T2 - A Survey and Taxonomy on Device Free Localization for Smart World
AU - Shit, Rathin Chandra
AU - Sharma, Suraj
AU - Puthal, Deepak
AU - James, Philip
AU - Pradhan, Biswajeet
AU - Moorsel, Aad Van
AU - Zomaya, Albert Y.
AU - Ranjan, Rajiv
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received October 13, 2018; revised March 22, 2019; accepted April 28, 2019. Date of publication May 9, 2019; date of current version November 25, 2019. This work was supported in part by EPSRC through UKRI Research Project PACE under Grant EP/R033293/1, and in part by NERC through UKRI Research Project FloodPrep under Grant NE/P017134/1. (Corresponding author: Deepak Puthal.) R. C. Shit and S. Sharma are with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, International Institute of Information Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar 757034, India (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]).
Publisher Copyright:
© 1998-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2019/10/1
Y1 - 2019/10/1
N2 - The 'Smart World' envisioned by technology will be achieved by the penetration of intelligence into ubiquitous things, including physical objects, cyber-entities, social-elements or individuals, and human thinking. The development of Smart World is enabled by diverse applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) into those components identified as things. Such a smart-world will have features controlled significantly by the location information. Control and Policy information of Smart World services, often addressed as location-based services (LBSs), are governed by location data. Localization thus becomes the key enabling technology for Smart World facilities. It is generally classified as active and passive techniques in nature. Active localization is a widely adopted localization scheme where the target is detected and tracked carries a tag or attached device. The other category, Passive methods, defines targets to be localized as free of carrying a tag or device, hence also referred to as device-free localization (DFL) or sensor-less localization. The passive approach is a well suited for the development of diverse smart world applications with ubiquitous localization. DFL schemes fall into a wide range of application scenarios within the Smart World ecosystem. A few notable examples are occupancy detection, identity definition, positioning, gesture detection, activity monitoring, pedestrian and vehicle-traffic flow surveillance, security safeguarding, ambient intelligence-based systems, emergency rescue operations, smart work-spaces and patient or elderly monitoring. In this paper, the revolution of DFL technologies have been reviewed and classified comprehensively. Further, the emergence of the Smart World paradigm is analyzed in the context of DFL principles. Moreover, the inherent challenges within the application domains have been extensively discussed and improvement strategies for multi-target localization and counting approach are discussed. Finally, current trends and future research directions have been presented.
AB - The 'Smart World' envisioned by technology will be achieved by the penetration of intelligence into ubiquitous things, including physical objects, cyber-entities, social-elements or individuals, and human thinking. The development of Smart World is enabled by diverse applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) into those components identified as things. Such a smart-world will have features controlled significantly by the location information. Control and Policy information of Smart World services, often addressed as location-based services (LBSs), are governed by location data. Localization thus becomes the key enabling technology for Smart World facilities. It is generally classified as active and passive techniques in nature. Active localization is a widely adopted localization scheme where the target is detected and tracked carries a tag or attached device. The other category, Passive methods, defines targets to be localized as free of carrying a tag or device, hence also referred to as device-free localization (DFL) or sensor-less localization. The passive approach is a well suited for the development of diverse smart world applications with ubiquitous localization. DFL schemes fall into a wide range of application scenarios within the Smart World ecosystem. A few notable examples are occupancy detection, identity definition, positioning, gesture detection, activity monitoring, pedestrian and vehicle-traffic flow surveillance, security safeguarding, ambient intelligence-based systems, emergency rescue operations, smart work-spaces and patient or elderly monitoring. In this paper, the revolution of DFL technologies have been reviewed and classified comprehensively. Further, the emergence of the Smart World paradigm is analyzed in the context of DFL principles. Moreover, the inherent challenges within the application domains have been extensively discussed and improvement strategies for multi-target localization and counting approach are discussed. Finally, current trends and future research directions have been presented.
KW - Device free localization (DFL)
KW - fingerprinting
KW - radar
KW - scattering
KW - smart world
KW - tomography
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074026915&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/COMST.2019.2915923
DO - 10.1109/COMST.2019.2915923
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85074026915
SN - 1553-877X
VL - 21
SP - 3532
EP - 3564
JO - IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials
JF - IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials
IS - 4
M1 - 8710259
ER -