@article{113c9c3f0ac04ed2ab17ef73f1c065ca,
title = "Trap-assisted charge injection into large bandgap polymer semiconductors",
abstract = "The trap-assisted charge injection in polyfluorene-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) model systems with an Al or Al/LiF cathode is investigated. We find that inserting 1.3 nm LiF increases electron and hole injections simultaneously and the increase of holes is greater than electrons. The evolution of internal interfaces within polymer light-emitting diodes is observed by transmission electron microscopy, which reveals that the introduction of LiF improves the interface stability at both the cathode (cathode/polymer) and the anode (indium tin oxide (ITO)/PEDOT:PSS). Above-mentioned experimental results have been compared to the numerical simulations with a revised Davids model and potential physical mechanisms for the trap-assisted charge injection are discussed.",
keywords = "Charge injection, Interface stability, Polymer light-emitting diodes, Trap",
author = "Dongdong Wang and Michael Fina and Suhan Kim and Chunmei Zhang and Ting Zhang and Yonghong Deng and Kai Chen and Lijuan Liang and Mao, \{Samuel S.\} and Minor, \{Andrew M.\} and Gao Liu",
note = "Funding Information: Funding: This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy{\textquoteright}s Building Technologies Program and the National Energy Technology Laboratory through its competitive research and development program. Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Dongdong Wang and Chunmei Zhang acknowledge support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11605012, 21604005), Initial Funding of BIGC (Grant Nos. 09000114/129, 27170115006), the Education Ministry for Returned Chinese Scholars (Grant No. 10000200300), and Beijing Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. KM201610015007). Funding Information: This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Building Technologies Program and the National Energy Technology Laboratory through its competitive research and development program. Work at the Molecular Foundry was supported by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Dongdong Wang and Chunmei Zhang acknowledge support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11605012, 21604005), Initial Funding of BIGC (Grant Nos. 09000114/129, 27170115006), the Education Ministry for Returned Chinese Scholars (Grant No. 10000200300), and Beijing Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. KM201610015007). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 by the authors.",
year = "2019",
month = aug,
day = "1",
doi = "10.3390/ma12152427",
language = "British English",
volume = "12",
journal = "Materials",
issn = "1996-1944",
publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",
number = "15",
}
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