The versatility of copper tin sulfide

In recent years, copper tin sulfide (CTS) chalcogenide compounds have witnessed applicability in various fields, rendering them as a formidable candidate for various applications. The intrinsic tunable properties accompanied by low cost, easy processing methods and eco-friendly character of CTS compounds collectively contribute to new avenues in industrial applications. In the past decade, chalcogenide CTS compounds have been extensively studied for thin film solar cell (TFSC) applications. However, with the consistent developments in scientific technology, various other applications related to optical, electrochemical, biological, functional coating and gas sensing technology have emerged. It is of vital importance to understand the driving mechanism of these applications for designing a new course for future research. Hence, in this review, the current status of various applications of CTS compounds is discussed. The key factors influencing the multifunctionality such as material properties, synthesis methods, and the doping strategy have been scrutinized. A comprehensive critical assessment of every application with ongoing developments, functional device fabrication, working mechanisms, associated issues/solutions and its potential future is made. The aim of the article is not only to overview the multiple existing applications of CTS compounds but also to develop a meritorious platform for further development in generating state of the art applications.