Tempo induction from music recordings using ensemble empirical mode decomposition analysis

A study was conducted to demonstrate the estimation of the tempo at the tactus level. The tempo, which was the inverse of the tactus (beat) period, was expressed as the number of beats per minute (BPM). Tempo estimation of music has been a subject of intensive investigation over a long period of time and several methods were developed by researchers to deal with it. Goto and Muraoka were the first to present a system for beat tracking and tempo estimation that combined both low-level signal processing and high-level pattern-matching representations. Their method extracted drum patterns from music signals and used a template-matching model to ascertain the beat. The first general framework for tempo estimation from audio signals was proposed by Scheirer in 1998, which was based on a common two-stage general scheme.