Solidification in Stratified Flow of Two Immiscible Fluids in a Double-Bend

This article presents an investigation of solidification in stratified flow of two immiscible fluids in a double-bend. A combined enthalpy-level-set approach for solidification is employed. The fluid-solid and fluid-fluid interfaces are captured respectively using the enthalpy and the level-set methods. The approach is verified against the scenario of a thick water layer sandwiched between a wall and an oil layer with water solidifies on the wall where semi-analytical solution exists. With the approach verified established, the effects of Reynolds number, Stefan number, viscosity ratio, thermal diffusivity ratios on flow and heat transfer are investigated.