TY - JOUR
T1 - Selective oxidation of phenol and benzoic acid in water via home-prepared TiO 2 photocatalysts
T2 - Distribution of hydroxylation products
AU - Bellardita, Marianna
AU - Augugliaro, Vincenzo
AU - Loddo, Vittorio
AU - Megna, Bartolomeo
AU - Palmisano, Giovanni
AU - Palmisano, Leonardo
AU - Puma, Maria Angela
PY - 2012/10/28
Y1 - 2012/10/28
N2 - The hydroxylation of phenol (a substrate containing an electron donor group) and of benzoic acid (a substrate containing an electron withdrawing group) has been carried out by the photocatalytic method in aqueous suspensions containing commercial or home prepared TiO 2 samples. The aim of the work was to study the distribution of hydroxylation products when different photocatalysts were used and to correlate the selectivity to some physico-chemical features of the powders. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, determination of crystalline phase percentage, specific surface area and zero charge point. The photoreactivity results indicate that the products of the primary oxidation of phenol are the ortho- and para-mono-hydroxy derivatives while those of benzoic acid are all the mono-hydroxy derivatives independently of the catalyst. The selectivity toward mono-hydroxy derivatives shows a strong dependence on catalyst hydroxylation and crystallinity degrees: the highest selectivity values were obtained by using the commercial samples that resulted the least hydroxylated and the most crystalline ones. A kinetic model, taking into account the mineralization and the partial oxidation reaction routes, is proposed by using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model.
AB - The hydroxylation of phenol (a substrate containing an electron donor group) and of benzoic acid (a substrate containing an electron withdrawing group) has been carried out by the photocatalytic method in aqueous suspensions containing commercial or home prepared TiO 2 samples. The aim of the work was to study the distribution of hydroxylation products when different photocatalysts were used and to correlate the selectivity to some physico-chemical features of the powders. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, determination of crystalline phase percentage, specific surface area and zero charge point. The photoreactivity results indicate that the products of the primary oxidation of phenol are the ortho- and para-mono-hydroxy derivatives while those of benzoic acid are all the mono-hydroxy derivatives independently of the catalyst. The selectivity toward mono-hydroxy derivatives shows a strong dependence on catalyst hydroxylation and crystallinity degrees: the highest selectivity values were obtained by using the commercial samples that resulted the least hydroxylated and the most crystalline ones. A kinetic model, taking into account the mineralization and the partial oxidation reaction routes, is proposed by using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model.
KW - Benzoic acid
KW - Heterogeneous photocatalysis
KW - Kinetics
KW - Phenol
KW - Product distribution
KW - Reaction pathways
KW - Selective hydroxylation
KW - TiO
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84865267272&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.apcata.2012.07.019
DO - 10.1016/j.apcata.2012.07.019
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84865267272
SN - 0926-860X
VL - 441-442
SP - 79
EP - 89
JO - Applied Catalysis A: General
JF - Applied Catalysis A: General
ER -