Resilient PID Controller for Communication Latency in Interconnected Power Systems

Communication latency (CL) in power systems deteriorates load frequency control (LFC) performance by introducing phase lag and affecting closed-loop stability. This study presents a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller designed using the direct synthesis (DS) approach to address these issues. The DS-PID controller utilizes integral absolute error minimization and features a single tunable parameter (γ), simplifying the tuning process while ensuring robust control. The efficaciousness of the proposed controller is examined under system parametric uncertainties, nonlinearities, renewable penetration, and cyber attacks. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the DS-PID controller effectively mitigates the adverse effects of CL, maintaining stable and efficient LFC. The controller's robustness is validated through its performance amidst various challenging conditions. The results highlight its capability to enhance the resilience and stability of interconnected power systems. The proposed DS-PID controller offers a promising solution for modern power grids facing communication latency issues. This study underscores the potential for practical applications, contributing to the advancement of resilient power system control strategies.