Recent progress in the thermal management of lithium-ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries are a promising solution for energy storage in various applications, such as electric vehicles and building facilities. However, they are immensely sensitive to the working temperature, requiring good thermal management. Here various thermal management technologies are reviewed considering both high and low working temperatures and thus cooling and heating systems. In all, 18 cooling and 64 heating techniques are thorougly described and critically compared in terms of complexity, efficiency, heating or cooling rate, scope of applicability, and the types and sizes of batteries to which they apply. The conclusions provide a solid background for further investigations, and recommendations for future work are suggested.