TY - JOUR
T1 - Pyrolysis of walnut shell residues in a fixed bed reactor
T2 - Effects of process parameters, chemical and functional properties of bio-oil
AU - Shah, Mudasir Akbar
AU - Khan, N. S.
AU - Kumar, Vimal
AU - Qurashi, Ahsanulhaq
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge to Dr. Desavath V. Naik and Mr. Rakesh Singh CSIR-IIP for his unconditional support in the continuous operation of the biomass pyrolysis unit. We greatly appreciate the financial support provided by Minister of Human Resources Department (MHRD), Govt. of India. The authors also thankful to the Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee and Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - In the present work the products and characteristics of bio-yields obtained from pyrolysis of different types of walnut shells (WS) by using a fixed bed pyrolyzer. The different walnut shells considered are paper (PSW), thin (TSW), medium (MSW) and hard (HSW) shelled walnut. The biomass samples were pyrolyzed at various temperatures, particle sizes, heating and sweep gas flow rates. The results revealed that the maximum bio-oil 44.7, biochar 37.6 and gas 40.4 wt% yields have been obtained for HSW, MSW and HSW at a pyrolysis temperature of 550, 375 and 750 0C respectively at heating rate 0.33 K/sec, particle size 0.5-1.5 mm with swept gas flow rate 1.6 × 10-6 m3/s. The higher heating value (HHV) of bio-oil obtained from different walnut shells are ranged from 26 to 27.3 MJ/kg. Comprehensive physiochemical characteristics such as density, viscosity, flash point, pour point and water content of bio-oils have been obtained. Chemical composition analysis of bio-oils revealed that the pyrolytic bio-oil composition is predominated by oxygenated compounds such as carbonyl, methoxy, phenols and carboxyl groups determined by GC-MS, FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The pyrolysis gas mainly contained CH4 CO, H2, CO2, and light hydrocarbons. Based on these results and structural analysis of the bio-oil, it can be concluded that the bio-oil obtained from WS may be used as a feedstock for furnaces, as a fuel, as a lubricant after modifications and value-added products via pyrolysis.
AB - In the present work the products and characteristics of bio-yields obtained from pyrolysis of different types of walnut shells (WS) by using a fixed bed pyrolyzer. The different walnut shells considered are paper (PSW), thin (TSW), medium (MSW) and hard (HSW) shelled walnut. The biomass samples were pyrolyzed at various temperatures, particle sizes, heating and sweep gas flow rates. The results revealed that the maximum bio-oil 44.7, biochar 37.6 and gas 40.4 wt% yields have been obtained for HSW, MSW and HSW at a pyrolysis temperature of 550, 375 and 750 0C respectively at heating rate 0.33 K/sec, particle size 0.5-1.5 mm with swept gas flow rate 1.6 × 10-6 m3/s. The higher heating value (HHV) of bio-oil obtained from different walnut shells are ranged from 26 to 27.3 MJ/kg. Comprehensive physiochemical characteristics such as density, viscosity, flash point, pour point and water content of bio-oils have been obtained. Chemical composition analysis of bio-oils revealed that the pyrolytic bio-oil composition is predominated by oxygenated compounds such as carbonyl, methoxy, phenols and carboxyl groups determined by GC-MS, FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. The pyrolysis gas mainly contained CH4 CO, H2, CO2, and light hydrocarbons. Based on these results and structural analysis of the bio-oil, it can be concluded that the bio-oil obtained from WS may be used as a feedstock for furnaces, as a fuel, as a lubricant after modifications and value-added products via pyrolysis.
KW - Bio-oil
KW - Biomass
KW - Bioproducts
KW - Fixed bed reactor
KW - Pyrolysis products
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85105859602
U2 - 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105564
DO - 10.1016/j.jece.2021.105564
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85105859602
SN - 2213-3437
VL - 9
JO - Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
JF - Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
IS - 4
M1 - 105564
ER -
