@article{58605ed6bc94441ba96222be12c7c5a8,
title = "Process induced deformations in composite sandwich panels using an in-homogeneous layup design",
abstract = "This work presents an experimental and numerical study of process-induced deformation (PID) in flat sandwich panels with in-homogeneous ply layups. An over-expanded Nomex honeycomb core and aerospace-grade prepreg was used to manufacture sandwich panels using the autoclave technique. Process-induced spring-in and warpage at different locations were measured. A 3D FE analysis was performed for the full cure cycle. The FE model successfully captured the shrinkage due to cure, anisotropic and thermo-physical properties of the sandwich structure and tool-part interactions. The computed maximum spring-in values obtained from the FE model were in good agreement with average spring-in values measured experimentally. An overall error of less than 2% was found in the PID of the sandwich panel. The effect of tooling material and core material on PID was also investigated. The numerical results suggest that an aluminum tool and an aluminum core could potentially reduce warpage in the sandwich panel studied.",
keywords = "A. Sandwich structures, B. Residual/internal stress, C. Process simulation, D. Autoclave",
author = "M. Al-Dhaheri and Khan, {K. A.} and Rehan Umer and {van Liempt}, F. and Cantwell, {W. J.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research was performed as part of the Aerospace Research and Innovation Center (ARIC) program which is jointly-funded by Mubadala Aerospace and Khalifa University of Science and Technology . The publication work is also supported by Khalifa University of Science and Technology through research grant Award No. CIRA-2018-15 . The authors acknowledge the support of STRATA Manufacturing PJSC in the manufacturing of composite panels at their facility. Funding Information: This research was performed as part of the Aerospace Research and Innovation Center (ARIC) program which is jointly-funded by Mubadala Aerospace and Khalifa University of Science and Technology. The publication work is also supported by Khalifa University of Science and Technology through research grant Award No. CIRA-2018-15. The authors acknowledge the support of STRATA Manufacturing PJSC in the manufacturing of composite panels at their facility. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2020",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106020",
language = "British English",
volume = "137",
journal = "Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing",
issn = "1359-835X",
publisher = "Elsevier",
}