TY - JOUR
T1 - Oxidative torrefaction performance of microalga Nannochloropsis Oceanica towards an upgraded microalgal solid biofuel
AU - Zhang, Congyu
AU - Ho, Shih Hsin
AU - Chen, Wei Hsin
AU - Wang, Rupeng
AU - Show, Pau Loke
AU - Ong, Hwai Chyuan
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Project of Thousand Youth Talents. The authors also acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, under the grant numbers MOST 109-2221-E-006-040-MY3 and MOST 109-2622-E-006-006-CC1 for this research. This research was also supported in part by the Higher Education Sprout Project, Ministry of Education to the Headquarters of University Advancement at National Chen Kung University (NCKU).
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the P roject of Thousand Youth Talents . The authors also acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan , under the grant numbers MOST 109-2221-E-006-040-MY3 and MOST 109-2622-E-006-006-CC1 for this research. This research was also supported in part by the Higher Education Sprout Project, Ministry of Education to the Headquarters of University Advancement at National Chen Kung University (NCKU).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2021/9/10
Y1 - 2021/9/10
N2 - Microalgae are a promising feedstock for carbon-neutral biofuel production due to their superior cellular composition. Alternatively, oxidative torrefaction has been recognized as a potential thermochemical technique for microalgal solid biofuel upgrading. Herein, by using microalga N. oceanica as a feedstock, several characterizations are adopted for evaluating the potential of oxidative torrefaction towards microalgal solid biofuel production. The oxidatively torrefied microalgae can be upgraded as lignite. After in-depth analysis, significant change in the surface microstructure of oxidatively torrefied microalgae is largely changed (via wrinkle and fragmentation) The hydrophobicity, thermal decomposition, thermal stability, and aromatization of oxidatively torrefied microalgae can be largely enhanced as the oxidative torrefaction severity increase. With the increasing torrefaction temperature, the hydrophobicity of oxidative torrefied microalgae gradually improved. The decomposition of C-2/3/5, and −OCH3, the CO[dbnd] bonds of CH3CO-, and the aromatization occurs via oxidative torrefaction according to the NMR analysis. For XPS analysis, torrefaction operation significantly decreases the carbide carbon and enhances the graphitization. As a result, the thermal stability of oxidatively torrefied microalgae is improved. Conclusively, the information obtained in this study can provide insights into the evaluation of oxidative torrefaction performance and fuel properties of microalgal solid biofuel, which may help accelerate the advancement of oxidative torrefaction industrialization.
AB - Microalgae are a promising feedstock for carbon-neutral biofuel production due to their superior cellular composition. Alternatively, oxidative torrefaction has been recognized as a potential thermochemical technique for microalgal solid biofuel upgrading. Herein, by using microalga N. oceanica as a feedstock, several characterizations are adopted for evaluating the potential of oxidative torrefaction towards microalgal solid biofuel production. The oxidatively torrefied microalgae can be upgraded as lignite. After in-depth analysis, significant change in the surface microstructure of oxidatively torrefied microalgae is largely changed (via wrinkle and fragmentation) The hydrophobicity, thermal decomposition, thermal stability, and aromatization of oxidatively torrefied microalgae can be largely enhanced as the oxidative torrefaction severity increase. With the increasing torrefaction temperature, the hydrophobicity of oxidative torrefied microalgae gradually improved. The decomposition of C-2/3/5, and −OCH3, the CO[dbnd] bonds of CH3CO-, and the aromatization occurs via oxidative torrefaction according to the NMR analysis. For XPS analysis, torrefaction operation significantly decreases the carbide carbon and enhances the graphitization. As a result, the thermal stability of oxidatively torrefied microalgae is improved. Conclusively, the information obtained in this study can provide insights into the evaluation of oxidative torrefaction performance and fuel properties of microalgal solid biofuel, which may help accelerate the advancement of oxidative torrefaction industrialization.
KW - C NMR analysis
KW - Fuel properties
KW - Microalgae and biochar
KW - Oxidative torrefaction
KW - Solid biofuel upgrading
KW - XPS analysis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111027515&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.07.009
DO - 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.07.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 34298023
AN - SCOPUS:85111027515
SN - 0168-1656
VL - 338
SP - 81
EP - 90
JO - Journal of Biotechnology
JF - Journal of Biotechnology
ER -