Optimal Virtual Inertia Control-Based Frequency Regulation of an Interconnected Microgrid with the Integration of Renewable Energy Sources

As distributed generators (DG) and renewable energy sources (RES) become more prevalent in microgrids, grid stability is affected by damping and low inertia effects. The volatile nature of RES led to power fluctuations, frequency regulation degradation, voltage rise, and oversupply in the grid as a result of complete DG in the grid. The Virtual Synchronous Generators (VSGs), which can be produced with a convenient control framework, can be used to increase stability by imparting virtual inertia. In order to resolve the aforementioned issues, a comprehensive control technique should be employed. The proposed study includes the integration of a biogas plant, a biodiesel plant, a solar photovoltaic system, and a wind turbine generator, controlled by a virtual inertia system. In order to maximize the effectiveness of the test microgrid, we recommend the use of a Quasi-Oppositional Harris Hawks Optimization (QOHHO) tuned cascade Tilt Integral (Tilt Derivative) CC controller [TI-TD]. Considering the intermittent nature of RES and the load demand, the proposed FR services demonstrate a significant improvement in system dynamics with virtual inertia.