Abstract
This correspondence considers the performance evaluation of precoded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (P-OFDM) based on Walsh-Hadamard Transform (WHT) in the presence of symbol timing offset (STO). The signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) is evaluated for flat and frequency-selective fading channels (FSC), where closed-form analytical expressions are derived for the flat fading case. In FSC, the SINR is obtained using Monte Carlo simulation due to the analysis intractability. The bit error rate (BER) performance of OFDM and P-OFDM based on WHT, Haar, and Zadoff-Chu matrix transforms are considered to demonstrate the STO impact on the BER using various precoding transforms. The obtained results show that the impact of STO on P-OFDM is substantially different from conventional OFDM. In particular, it is found that STO affects the SINR of each subcarrier differently, where the SINR of certain subcarriers is severely degraded while others are immune. Furthermore, the diversity gain advantage of the precoding process may vanish for large STOs.
Original language | British English |
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Pages (from-to) | 10120-10125 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology |
Volume | 71 |
Issue number | 9 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1 Sep 2022 |
Keywords
- Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)
- precoding
- symbol timing
- synchronization
- timing offset
- Walsh-Hadamard transform