Multi-LMS Harmonic Compensation for Real-Time Detection of Interturn Short-Circuit Fault in Six-Phase Induction Machines

Multiphase machines are gaining traction in electric vehicle propulsion systems due to their inherent fault tolerance and superior torque performance. Nevertheless, due to insulation degradation, manufacturing defects, or thermal and mechanical stresses, interturn short-circuit (ITSC) faults can occur. If undetected, this will lead to performance degradation and potential failure, compromising drive reliability. Existing detection methods often rely on low-pass filtering, spectral analysis, or complex feature extraction, increasing computational burden and reducing real-time applicability. This article proposes an adaptive least-mean-square-based approach that actively suppresses unwanted harmonic currents while using the fundamental harmonic compensation voltage as a direct ITSC fault severity indicator. The proposed method improves real-time fault detection and severity assessment without requiring additional hardware, filtering, or spectral analysis. Experimental validation confirms its computational efficiency and suitability for real-time ITSC fault monitoring.