Maximum lifetime routing in wireless sensor network by minimizing various chemical limitations of a practical battery

The phenomenon due to which the practical capacity of a battery decreases with increase in current is known as Rate Capacity Effect If the battery is allowed to take rest in between the sustained draining of current, it regenerates some of the charge capacity. This is known as charge recovery effect. There are literatures available, which proposes to minimize these effects with proper traffic shaping, pulse shaping and burst shaping at physical layer. However to the best of our knowledge these effects of a realistic battery model have never been considered while designing a routing protocol i.e. at network layer. Thus practically a battery gives a lifetime that is very less in comparison to what is theoretically estimated. We are presenting here a routing protocol which minimizes rate capacity effect and exploit the charge recovery effect of a practical battery which is being used in sensor nodes to give maximum lifetime of the route discovered. Thus our routing protocols enhance the lifetime of the route at network layer which is in addition to the improvement done at physical layer.