Impact of Profile Orientation and Position on Soil Resistivity Measurement for Earthing Applications

Providing an effective earthing design is one of the primary challenges in electrical engineering as it encompasses various parameters and factors of different types. Soil resistivity measurements and modelling are among the key aspects considered in earthing analysis, alongside many other important parameters. In light of this, the present paper aims to demonstrate the significance of soil resistivity in relation to earthing performance, while also highlighting the impact of profile selection on the measurements. The study presents and discusses an experimental investigation highlighting the impact of soil heterogeneity on current dissipation in earthing conductors. The experimental setup explores the selection of soil resistivity measurement axes using a Wenner configuration. Multiple scenarios are considered, and the obtained results are thoroughly analysed and discussed. The measurement process involves assessing soil resistivity at various electrode spacing distances, both vertically and horizontally, within an open area. Through these measurements, a comprehensive understanding of the soil structure's heterogeneity is gained. Findings unequivocally demonstrate that soil cannot be considered a uniform medium. This is evident from the observed variations in its structure at different depths and lateral distances. As a result, there is a need to reconsider other earthing design factors, such as the cross-sectional area of the conductors.