TY - JOUR
T1 - Hydrogen production towards carbon-free economy
T2 - A comprehensive thermodynamic analysis
AU - Ahmad, Kaisar
AU - Jaoude, Maguy Abi
AU - Bankole, Anifat Adenike
AU - Polychronopoulou, Kyriaki
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025
PY - 2025/2/15
Y1 - 2025/2/15
N2 - Sustainable hydrogen production is key to achieving zero-emission targets and a hydrogen-based economy. Hydrogen production methods vary in terms of resource, technology, and system efficiency. This work analyzes the thermodynamics of fourteen hydrogen production pathways using Gibbs free energy minimization to examine the effects of pressure (1–60 bar), temperature (100–1000 °C), and feed composition, using reactant conversion and product selectivity as key indicators of reaction performance. The impact of simultaneous reactions on hydrogen production is also discussed. From the results, full conversion (100 %), independent of parameter variations at 1 bar pressure, was observed for biomass gasification and steam reforming of glycerol, methanol, ethanol, and bio-oil reactions. However, H2 selectivity in all tested reactions, except for NH3 dissociation and the splitting of water and H2S, is greatly affected by side reactions. Finally, the thermodynamic results of all reactions are compared and validated with published experiments, followed by an evaluation of the challenges and opportunities in hydrogen production. The study provides optimal reaction parameters and a comprehensive comparison of H2 production processes, aiding in designing and developing processes based on regional resource availability. Additionally, it highlights the potential for both local and remote hydrogen production pathways from various renewable energy sources.
AB - Sustainable hydrogen production is key to achieving zero-emission targets and a hydrogen-based economy. Hydrogen production methods vary in terms of resource, technology, and system efficiency. This work analyzes the thermodynamics of fourteen hydrogen production pathways using Gibbs free energy minimization to examine the effects of pressure (1–60 bar), temperature (100–1000 °C), and feed composition, using reactant conversion and product selectivity as key indicators of reaction performance. The impact of simultaneous reactions on hydrogen production is also discussed. From the results, full conversion (100 %), independent of parameter variations at 1 bar pressure, was observed for biomass gasification and steam reforming of glycerol, methanol, ethanol, and bio-oil reactions. However, H2 selectivity in all tested reactions, except for NH3 dissociation and the splitting of water and H2S, is greatly affected by side reactions. Finally, the thermodynamic results of all reactions are compared and validated with published experiments, followed by an evaluation of the challenges and opportunities in hydrogen production. The study provides optimal reaction parameters and a comprehensive comparison of H2 production processes, aiding in designing and developing processes based on regional resource availability. Additionally, it highlights the potential for both local and remote hydrogen production pathways from various renewable energy sources.
KW - Clean energy
KW - CO utilization
KW - Green hydrogen
KW - Hydrogen production pathways
KW - Thermodynamic analysis
KW - Zero carbon emission
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85214713554
U2 - 10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119492
DO - 10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119492
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85214713554
SN - 0196-8904
VL - 326
JO - Energy Conversion and Management
JF - Energy Conversion and Management
M1 - 119492
ER -
