TY - JOUR
T1 - Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) in Wireless Communications Systems and Standards
T2 - A Contemporary Survey
AU - Ahmed, Ashfaq
AU - Al-Dweik, Arafat
AU - Iraqi, Youssef
AU - Mukhtar, Husameldin
AU - Naeem, Muhammad
AU - Hossain, Ekram
N1 - Funding Information:
The work of Arafat Al-Dweik was supported by Khalifa University Competitive Internal Research Grant under Award CIRA-2020-056. The work of Ekram Hossain was supported by a Discovery Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 IEEE.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Automatic repeat request (ARQ) schemes, and in particular hybrid-ARQ (HARQ) schemes, which jointly adopt forward error correction (FEC) and ARQ, are essential to provide reliable data transmission in wireless communications systems. However, the feedback from the receiver to the transmitter and the retransmission process used in ARQ incurs significant cost in terms of power efficiency, throughput, computational power and delay. Unfortunately, such drawbacks can limit their applications to several current and emerging technologies. More specifically, the increasing number of wireless users has create spectrum scarcity, relying on small-size batteries create power constraints, deployment of real-time applications boost the demand for ultra-low delay networks, and the ultra-small low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) devices has limited signal processing and computation capabilities. Consequently, extensive research efforts have been dedicated to overcome the limitations inherent in HARQ. This survey paper provides an extensive literature review of the state-of-the-art HARQ techniques and discusses their integration in various wireless technologies. Moreover, it provides insights on advantages and disadvantages of particular ARQ types and discusses open problems and future directions.
AB - Automatic repeat request (ARQ) schemes, and in particular hybrid-ARQ (HARQ) schemes, which jointly adopt forward error correction (FEC) and ARQ, are essential to provide reliable data transmission in wireless communications systems. However, the feedback from the receiver to the transmitter and the retransmission process used in ARQ incurs significant cost in terms of power efficiency, throughput, computational power and delay. Unfortunately, such drawbacks can limit their applications to several current and emerging technologies. More specifically, the increasing number of wireless users has create spectrum scarcity, relying on small-size batteries create power constraints, deployment of real-time applications boost the demand for ultra-low delay networks, and the ultra-small low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) devices has limited signal processing and computation capabilities. Consequently, extensive research efforts have been dedicated to overcome the limitations inherent in HARQ. This survey paper provides an extensive literature review of the state-of-the-art HARQ techniques and discusses their integration in various wireless technologies. Moreover, it provides insights on advantages and disadvantages of particular ARQ types and discusses open problems and future directions.
KW - automatic repeat request (ARQ)
KW - hybrid ARQ (HARQ)
KW - retransmission protocols
KW - Wireless communications systems
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85120339809&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/COMST.2021.3094401
DO - 10.1109/COMST.2021.3094401
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85120339809
SN - 1553-877X
VL - 23
SP - 2711
EP - 2752
JO - IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials
JF - IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials
IS - 4
ER -
