TY - JOUR
T1 - Harvesting Devices' Heterogeneous Energy Profiles and QoS Requirements in IoT
T2 - WPT-NOMA vs BAC-NOMA
AU - Ding, Zhiguo
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received July 27, 2020; revised October 16, 2020 and December 11, 2020; accepted January 14, 2021. Date of publication January 19, 2021; date of current version May 18, 2021. This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under Grant EP/P009719/2. The associate editor coordinating the review of this article and approving it for publication was N. Tran.
Publisher Copyright:
© 1972-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2021/5
Y1 - 2021/5
N2 - The next generation Internet of Things (IoT) exhibits a unique feature that IoT devices have different energy profiles and quality of service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, two energy and spectrally efficient transmission strategies, namely wireless power transfer assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (WPT-NOMA) and backscatter communication (Back-Com) assisted NOMA (BAC-NOMA), are proposed by utilizing this feature of IoT and employing spectrum and energy cooperation among the devices. In particular, the use of NOMA ensures that the devices with different QoS requirements can share the same spectrum, and WPT and Back-Com are employed to utilize the cooperation among the devices with different energy profiles, which avoids the use of a dedicated power beacon. Furthermore, for the proposed WPT-NOMA scheme, the application of hybrid successive interference cancelation (SIC) decoding order is also considered, and analytical results are developed to demonstrate that WPT-NOMA can avoid outage probability error floors and realize the full diversity gain. Unlike WPT-NOMA, BAC-NOMA suffers from an outage probability error floor, and the asymptotic behavior of this error floor is analyzed in the paper by applying the extreme value theory. In addition, the effect of a unique feature of BAC-NOMA, i.e., employing one device's signal as the carrier signal for another device, is studied, and its impact on the diversity gain is revealed. Simulation results are also provided to compare the performance of the proposed strategies and verify the developed analytical results.
AB - The next generation Internet of Things (IoT) exhibits a unique feature that IoT devices have different energy profiles and quality of service (QoS) requirements. In this paper, two energy and spectrally efficient transmission strategies, namely wireless power transfer assisted non-orthogonal multiple access (WPT-NOMA) and backscatter communication (Back-Com) assisted NOMA (BAC-NOMA), are proposed by utilizing this feature of IoT and employing spectrum and energy cooperation among the devices. In particular, the use of NOMA ensures that the devices with different QoS requirements can share the same spectrum, and WPT and Back-Com are employed to utilize the cooperation among the devices with different energy profiles, which avoids the use of a dedicated power beacon. Furthermore, for the proposed WPT-NOMA scheme, the application of hybrid successive interference cancelation (SIC) decoding order is also considered, and analytical results are developed to demonstrate that WPT-NOMA can avoid outage probability error floors and realize the full diversity gain. Unlike WPT-NOMA, BAC-NOMA suffers from an outage probability error floor, and the asymptotic behavior of this error floor is analyzed in the paper by applying the extreme value theory. In addition, the effect of a unique feature of BAC-NOMA, i.e., employing one device's signal as the carrier signal for another device, is studied, and its impact on the diversity gain is revealed. Simulation results are also provided to compare the performance of the proposed strategies and verify the developed analytical results.
KW - backscatter communications (BackCom)
KW - Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)
KW - simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099722981&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3052948
DO - 10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3052948
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85099722981
SN - 0090-6778
VL - 69
SP - 2837
EP - 2850
JO - IEEE Transactions on Communications
JF - IEEE Transactions on Communications
IS - 5
M1 - 9328518
ER -