@article{9cccc6a727794d1b871edd00e447a2be,
title = "Growth of diamond coating on carbon fiber: Relationship between fiber microstructure and stability in hydrogen plasma",
abstract = "Stability of carbon fiber in hydrogen plasma during chemical vapor deposition growth of diamond film was investigated for a range of carbon fiber samples with different physical properties. Morphological studies using scanning electron microscopy and focused ion beam showed that pre-growth seeding with nanodiamonds was necessary both to protect the carbon fiber from atomic hydrogen attack and to promote diamond growth. Microstructural studies using Raman spectroscopy indicated that carbon fibers with larger crystallite size, which correspond to high and ultra-high modulus fibers, were less susceptible to etching compared to carbon fibers with smaller crystallite size, corresponding to intermediate modulus fibers. A model was developed to predict the diamond film coverage, following pre-seeding of the carbon fibers with nanodiamonds. Compared to larger seeds, a dense seeding with smaller sized nanodiamonds resulted in faster coalescence, which provides significant benefits as the diamond layer protects the carbon fiber from hydrogen plasma attack. The results of this study will facilitate the integration of diamond and carbon fiber into a versatile hybrid material and, in particular, pave the way towards development of novel biocompatible diamond-coated carbon fiber micro-electrodes with long-term efficacy.",
keywords = "Carbon fiber, Chemical vapor deposition, Etching, Hydrogen plasma, Nanodiamond seeding",
author = "Orwa, {Julius O.} and Johannes Reiner and Albert Juma and Alastair Stacey and Kallista Sears and Sch{\"u}tz, {J{\"u}rg A.} and Andrea Merenda and Lachlan Hyde and Rosanne Guijt and Adineh, {Vahid R.} and Quanxiang Li and Minoo Naebe and Kouzani, {Abbas Z.} and Dum{\'e}e, {Ludovic F.}",
note = "Funding Information: The work was performed in part at the Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication (MCN) in the Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility (ANFF). Thanks to Professor Lingxue Kong for support through his ANFF/MCN Technology Ambassador Fellowship. The authors acknowledge the use of the Deakin Microscopy Facility at Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM) and internal grants from the School of Engineering, Deakin University. Thanks to Dr Guangyuan Si for assistance with the use of FEI Helios Nanolab600 Dual Beam FIB-SEM system for SEM and FIB measurements. LF Dum{\'e}e acknowledges the Australian Research Council (ARC) for Discovery Early Career Researcher Awards (DECRA) DE180100130 and support from Khalifa University through project RC2-2019-007. A Stacey acknowledges the Australian Research Council (ARC) for Discovery Early Career Researcher Award (DECRA) DE190100336. The authors acknowledge the support of the RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility (RMMF), a linked laboratory of Microscopy Australia, where the XPS experiments were performed. Kallista Sears acknowledges experimental work undertaken by her on this project was performed while at CSIRO Manufacturing. M Naebe acknowledges support by the Australian Research Council Research Hub for Future Fibers ( IH140100018 ). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier B.V.",
year = "2021",
month = may,
doi = "10.1016/j.diamond.2021.108349",
language = "British English",
volume = "115",
journal = "Diamond and Related Materials",
issn = "0925-9635",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
}