Fluorine-intercalated carbon fibers: II: An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study

The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of fluorine-intercalated carbon fibers has shown the formation of semi-ionic bonding between carbon and intercalated fluorine species, leading to an increase in the positive charge on the involved carbon atoms and a subsequent increase in C 1s binding energy. Covalent CF bonding is present at the external surface of the fibers. The relative amounts of these species are dependent on the intercalation rate and on the nature of the host fibers: polyacrylonitrile or pitch based, either as received or high temperature treated.