@article{acf87d8a821a47b5a8ec005b7854bda4,
title = "Evaluation of hydraulic mixing performance in a full-scale anaerobic digester with an external liquid recirculation system using CFD and experimental validation",
abstract = "Anaerobic digestion (AD) has become an essential process for sludge treatment and its optimum performance is related to its mixing degree. In this study, a full-scale Anaerobic Digester (ADer) with an external recirculation mixing system was studied via single-phase 3D-CFD simulations to assess the influence of recirculation flow and a 3-blade propeller. The model was validated with inert tracer tests. The design and mixing parameters were studied to characterise the mixing efficiency in different scenarios. The design parameters were assessed first, but wide deviations from the recommended values were found. Local mixing parameters were found to be useful for defining the degree and type of mixing, and are highly recommended in the CFD studies of ADers. A second-order statistical moment was proposed as a global mixing parameter to describe geometrical and local mixing, and to state a reliable homogenisation time.",
keywords = "Anaerobic digester, CFD, Homogeneity, Mixing degree, Tracer",
author = "Rosario Arnau and Javier Climent and Ra{\'u}l Mart{\'i}nez-Cuenca and Jorge Rodr{\'i}guez and Sergio Chiva",
note = "Funding Information: Funding: This work was supported by the Conselleria de Educaci{\'o}n, Investigaci{\'o}n, Cultura y Deporte from Generalitat Valenciana (ACIF/2016/255). Jorge Rodr{\'i}guez work at Khalifa University (United Arab Emirates) was supported by the Sustainable Bioenergy Research Consortium (SBRC) under Award No. EX2019-003 Funding Information: The authors thank the work carried out in the Spanish anaerobic digesters and published in (Climent et al. 2019). Funding: This work was supported by the Conselleria de Educaci?n, Investigaci?n, Cultura y Deporte from Generalitat Valenciana (ACIF/2016/255). Jorge Rodr?guez work at Khalifa University (United Arab Emirates) was supported by the Sustainable Bioenergy Research Consortium (SBRC) under Award No. EX2019-003 Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Author(s)",
year = "2022",
month = apr,
day = "6",
doi = "10.1016/j.ces.2021.117392",
language = "British English",
volume = "251",
journal = "Chemical Engineering Science",
issn = "0009-2509",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
}