@article{a661ffcc453748ee88b657a66ba6fa27,
title = "Envelope solitons associated with electromagnetic waves in a magnetized pair plasma",
abstract = "The amplitude modulation of magnetic field-aligned circularly polarized electromagnetic (CPEM) waves in a magnetized pair plasma is reexamined. The nonlinear frequency shifts include the effects of the radiation pressure driven density and compressional magnetic field perturbations as well as relativistic particle mass variations. The dynamics of the modulated CPEM wave packets is governed by a nonlinear Schr{\"o}dinger equation, which has attractive and repulsive interaction potentials for fast and slow CPEM waves. The modulational stability of a constant amplitude CPEM wave is studied by deriving a nonlinear dispersion from the cubic Schr{\"o}dinger equation. The fast (slow) CPEM mode is modulationally unstable (stable). Possible stationary amplitude solutions of the modulated fast (slow) CPEM mode can be represented in the form of bright and dark/gray envelope electromagnetic soliton structures. Localized envelope excitations can be associated with the microstructures in pulsar magnetospheres and in laboratory pair magnetoplasmas.",
author = "Tom Cattaert and Ioannis Kourakis and Shukla, {P. K.}",
note = "Funding Information: One of the authors (T.C.) thanks the Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (Vlaanderen) for a research grant and the Ruhr-Universit{\"a}t Bochum for its kind hospitality. Support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through Sonderforschungsbereich 591—Universelles Verhalten Gleichgewichtsferner Plasmen: Heizung, Transport und Strukturbildung. FIG. 1. Slow (full line) and fast (dotted line) modes for ω p ∕ ω c = 1 and k B T ∕ m c 2 = 0.05 . These values are also used for the other plots. FIG. 2. The growth rate of the slow mode for k c ∕ ω p = 0.2 , ω ∕ ω c = 1.7398 . FIG. 3. The electric field, density and magnetic-field profiles of the bright soliton at t = 0 . We are considering the fast mode at k c ∕ ω p = 0.2 , ω ∕ ω c = 1.7398 and have chosen ∣ E m ∣ ∕ ( 4 π n 0 k B T ) 1 ∕ 2 = 0.01 , v e = 0 , ζ 0 = 0 and θ 0 = 0 . When choosing these parameters, care has been taken to meet the requirements of the weak nonlinearity, the slowly varying amplitude and the group and envelope velocities being much smaller than the speed of light. FIG. 4. The electric field profiles of the bright soliton at successive times t L ∕ v g = 0 , 2 , 4 , 6 . The parameters are the same as in the previous figure. FIG. 5. The electric field, density, and magnetic-field profiles of the gray soliton at t = 0 . We are considering the slow mode at k c ∕ ω p = 4 , ω ∕ ω c = 0 , 9398, and have chosen ∣ E 0 ∣ ∕ ( 4 π n 0 k B T ) 1 ∕ 2 = 0.01 , v e = 0 , d = 0.95 , s = + 1 , ζ 0 = 0 , and θ 0 = 0 . ",
year = "2005",
doi = "10.1063/1.1830014",
language = "British English",
volume = "12",
pages = "1--6",
journal = "Physics of Plasmas",
issn = "1070-664X",
publisher = "American Institute of Physics",
number = "1",
}