TY - JOUR
T1 - Double Shadowing the Rician Fading Model
AU - Simmons, Nidhi
AU - Da Silva, Carlos Rafael Nogueira
AU - Cotton, Simon L.
AU - Sofotasios, Paschalis C.
AU - Yacoub, Michel Daoud
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received June 13, 2018; revised September 11, 2018; accepted September 13, 2018. Date of publication September 24, 2018; date of current version April 9, 2019. This work was supported in part by the U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council under Grant EP/L026074/1, in part by the Department for the Economy, Northern Ireland under Grant USI080, and in part by Khalifa University of Science and Technology under Grant 8474000122 and Grant 8474000137. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was A. Kammoun. (Corresponding author: Simon L. Cotton.) N. Simmons and S. L. Cotton are with the Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT3 9DT, U.K. (e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]).
Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council under Grant EP/L026074/1, in part by the Department for the Economy, Northern Ireland under Grant USI080, and in part by Khalifa University of Science and Technology under Grant 8474000122 and Grant 8474000137
Publisher Copyright:
© 2012 IEEE.
PY - 2019/4
Y1 - 2019/4
N2 - In this letter, we consider a Rician fading envelope which is impacted by dual shadowing processes. We conveniently refer to this as the double shadowed Rician fading model which can appear in two different formats, each underpinned by a different physical signal reception model. The first format assumes a Rician envelope where the dominant component is fluctuated by a Nakagami- {m} random variable (RV) which is preceded (or succeeded) by a secondary round of shadowing brought about by an inverse Nakagami- {m} RV. The second format considers that the dominant component and scattered waves of a Rician envelope are perturbed by two different shadowing processes. In particular, the dominant component experiences variations characterized by the product of a Nakagami- {m} and an inverse Nakagami- {m} RV, whereas the scattered waves are subject to fluctuations influenced by an inverse Nakagami- {m} RV. Using the relationship between the shadowing properties of the two formats, we develop unified closed-form and analytical expressions for their probability density function, cumulative distribution function, moment-generating function and moments. All derived expressions are validated through Monte Carlo simulations and reduction to a number of special cases.
AB - In this letter, we consider a Rician fading envelope which is impacted by dual shadowing processes. We conveniently refer to this as the double shadowed Rician fading model which can appear in two different formats, each underpinned by a different physical signal reception model. The first format assumes a Rician envelope where the dominant component is fluctuated by a Nakagami- {m} random variable (RV) which is preceded (or succeeded) by a secondary round of shadowing brought about by an inverse Nakagami- {m} RV. The second format considers that the dominant component and scattered waves of a Rician envelope are perturbed by two different shadowing processes. In particular, the dominant component experiences variations characterized by the product of a Nakagami- {m} and an inverse Nakagami- {m} RV, whereas the scattered waves are subject to fluctuations influenced by an inverse Nakagami- {m} RV. Using the relationship between the shadowing properties of the two formats, we develop unified closed-form and analytical expressions for their probability density function, cumulative distribution function, moment-generating function and moments. All derived expressions are validated through Monte Carlo simulations and reduction to a number of special cases.
KW - Composite fading
KW - fading channels
KW - inverse Nakagaim-m distribution
KW - shadowed Rician model.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85054406085&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/LWC.2018.2871677
DO - 10.1109/LWC.2018.2871677
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85054406085
SN - 2162-2337
VL - 8
SP - 344
EP - 347
JO - IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
JF - IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
IS - 2
M1 - 8470147
ER -