Decoration of transition metal carbide nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide for the efficient bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaics

Herein, we fabricated the bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaics (OPV) using the different hybrid composites doped novel combination of PBDB-T:PCBM/hybrid-nanostructures with the architecture of ITO/HTL/active-layer/LiF/Al. Structural and morphological characteristics were evidently established the formation of W₂C@rGO and Mo₂C@rGO composites by the simple chemical reduction process. The different concentrations of prepared nanocomposites were doped with polymer PBDB-T:PCBM matrix to modify the active layer properties in the OPV devices. The Mo₂C@rGO and W₂C@rGO (10 vol%) composites using tuned active realized the improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.98 and 6.84%, respectively which is quite high compared to the pure PBDB-T: PCBM active layer (PCE = 5.61%) and bare rGO (6.66%), Mo₂C (6.43%) and W₂C (6.20%) outcomes. The procured results explored that the W₂C@rGO and Mo₂C@rGO hybrid incorporated active layers facilitate the swift charge transport and extraction possibility to achieve the high efficiency photovoltaic devices.