@article{cf45301aff174973bb664e944800c2a5,
title = "Cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris on dairy waste using vision imaging for biomass growth monitoring",
abstract = "Continuous automation of conventional industrial operations with smart technology have drawn significant attention. Firstly, the study investigates on optimizing the proportion of industrial biscuit processing waste powder, (B) substituted into BG-11 as a source of cultivation medium for the growth of C. vulgaris. Various percentages of industrial biscuit processing waste powder, (B) were substituted in the inorganic medium to analyse the algal growth and biochemical composition. The use of 40B combination was found to yield highest biomass concentration (4.11 g/L), lipid (260.44 mg/g), protein (263.93 mg/g), and carbohydrate (418.99 mg/g) content compared with all the other culture ratio combination. Secondly, the exploitation of colour acquisition was performed onto C. vulgaris growth phases, and a novel photo-to-biomass concentration estimation was conducted via image processing for three different colour model pixels. Based on linear regression analysis the red, green, blue (RGB) colour model can interpret its colour variance precisely.",
keywords = "Biomass growth, Colour acquisition, Colour model, Culture medium, Dairy waste",
author = "Peter, {Angela Paul} and Chew, {Kit Wayne} and Koyande, {Apurav Krishna} and Sia Yuk-Heng and Ting, {Huong Yong} and Saravanan Rajendran and Munawaroh, {Heli Siti Halimatul} and Yoo, {Chang Kyoo} and Show, {Pau Loke}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme, Malaysia [FRGS/1/2019/STG05/UNIM/02/2], MyPAIR-PHC-Hibiscus Grant [MyPAIR/1/2020/STG05/UNIM/1] and Xiamen University Malaysia Research Fund [XMUMRF/2021-C7/IENG/0033]. The work was also supported by The Directorate General of Research and Technology and Higher Education, Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia through the University Basic Research scheme (PDUPT) for the fiscal year of 2021 (Contract Number: 280/UN.40.LP/PT.01.03/2021) and Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) [No.2021R1A2C2007838]. Funding Information: This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme , Malaysia [ FRGS/1/2019/STG05/UNIM/02/2 ], MyPAIR-PHC-Hibiscus Grant [ MyPAIR/1/2020/STG05/UNIM/1 ] and Xiamen University Malaysia Research Fund [ XMUMRF/2021-C7/IENG/0033 ]. The work was also supported by The Directorate General of Research and Technology and Higher Education, Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia through the University Basic Research scheme (PDUPT) for the fiscal year of 2021 (Contract Number: 280/UN.40.LP/PT.01.03/2021) and Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korea government ( MSIT ) [No. 2021R1A2C2007838 ]. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2021",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125892",
language = "British English",
volume = "341",
journal = "Bioresource Technology",
issn = "0960-8524",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd",
}