Construction of hubnerite decorated f-CNF nanocomposite based electrochemical sensor for selective quantification of nimesulide in biological and environmental samples

The objective of this work was to develop a selective electrochemical sensor for nimesulide (NS), a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug used for treating and controlling pain, which is banned in several countries due to its side effects. Further, it causes severe problems for the environment due to the release of harmful contaminants. The MnWO₄/f-CNF based sensor was synthesized via an eco-friendly approach and confirmed using XRD, Raman, XPS, and TEM. The proposed sensor has shown a low resistance of 135 Ω with an electrochemically active surface area of 0.110 cm². Using the voltammetry analysis, the limit of detection of NS using MnWO₄/f-CNF was found as 40 nM with a wide range of 2.5 µM to 25 µM and 50 µM to 340 µM, with excellent selectivity. Finally, the developed sensor’s practical applicability was tested in human urine and river water samples, showing the excellent recovery rate which makes the proposed sensor suitable for practical application. This work highlights the capability of MnWO₄/f-CNF-modified electrodes in monitoring the NS in both biological and environmental samples and contributing to a healthy life and ecosystem.