Circular materials-An essay on challenges with current manufacturing and recycling strategies as well as on the potential of life cycle integrated designs

Materials selection and engineering plays a critical role in the development of a circular economy model. Redesigning both consumer commodity goods and advanced products requires not only engineering of structures but also the choice of safe and easy to recycle materials. Circular materials must be designed to be fully recyclable or free from toxic components if decomposed to regenerate raw materials. Circular materials must also be processed and considered at the local level and for local needs. Changes towards circular materials considerations will not only require the development of repurposing and recycling platforms but also the rebirth of manufacturing at a local scale. This chapter will present the author’s opinion on the current solutions and strategies to develop sustainable compositions with controlled risks and hazards, as well as focus on greener fabrication and recycling routes. Focus on smart design and life cycle analysis will reflect on how circular design may contribute to the circular economy.