Bispecific Antibodies in Hematological Malignancies: A Scoping Review

Mohamed H. Omer, Areez Shafqat, Omar Ahmad, Khaled Alkattan, Ahmed Yaqinuddin, Moussab Damlaj

    Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

    12 Scopus citations

    Abstract

    Bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) and bispecific antibodies (BiAbs) have revolutionized the treatment landscape of hematological malignancies. By directing T cells towards specific tumor antigens, BiTEs and BiAbs facilitate the T-cell-mediated lysis of neoplastic cells. The success of blinatumomab, a CD19xCD3 BiTE, in acute lymphoblastic leukemia spearheaded the expansive development of BiTEs/BiAbs in the context of hematological neoplasms. Nearly a decade later, numerous BiTEs/BiAbs targeting a range of tumor-associated antigens have transpired in the treatment of multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, acute myelogenous leukemia, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, despite their generally favorable safety profiles, particular toxicities such as infections, cytokine release syndrome, myelosuppression, and neurotoxicity after BiAb/BiTE therapy raise valid concerns. Moreover, target antigen loss and the immunosuppressive microenvironment of hematological neoplasms facilitate resistance towards BiTEs/BiAbs. This review aims to highlight the most recent evidence from clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of BiAbs/BiTEs. Additionally, the review will provide mechanistic insights into the limitations of BiAbs whilst outlining practical applications and strategies to overcome these limitations.

    Original languageBritish English
    Article number4550
    JournalCancers
    Volume15
    Issue number18
    DOIs
    StatePublished - Sep 2023

    Keywords

    • antibodies
    • bispecific antibody
    • CAR-T
    • hematological cancer
    • leukemia
    • lymphoma
    • multiple myeloma

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