A Predicted Dearth of Majority Hypervolatile Ices in Oort Cloud Comets

C. M. Lisse; G. R. Gladstone; L. A. Young; D. P. Cruikshank; S. A. Sandford; B. Schmitt; S. A. Stern; H. A. Weaver; O. Umurhan; Y. J. Pendleton; J. T. Keane; J. M. Parker; R. P. Binzel; A. M. Earle; M. Horanyi; M. El-Maarry; A. F. Cheng; J. M. Moore; W. B. McKinnon; W. M. Grundy; J. J. Kavelaars; I. R. Linscott; W. Lyra; B. L. Lewis; D. T. Britt; J. R. Spencer; C. B. Olkin; R. L. McNutt; H. A. Elliott; N. Dello-Russo; J. K. Steckloff; M. Neveu; O. Mousis

doi:10.3847/PSJ/ac6097

A Predicted Dearth of Majority Hypervolatile Ices in Oort Cloud Comets

C. M. Lisse
, G. R. Gladstone
, L. A. Young
, D. P. Cruikshank
, S. A. Sandford
, B. Schmitt
, S. A. Stern
, H. A. Weaver
, O. Umurhan
, Y. J. Pendleton
, J. T. Keane
, J. M. Parker
, R. P. Binzel
, A. M. Earle
, M. Horanyi
, M. El-Maarry
, A. F. Cheng
, J. M. Moore
, W. B. McKinnon
, W. M. Grundy

J. J. Kavelaars, I. R. Linscott, W. Lyra, B. L. Lewis, D. T. Britt, J. R. Spencer, C. B. Olkin, R. L. McNutt, H. A. Elliott, N. Dello-Russo, J. K. Steckloff, M. Neveu, O. Mousis

Earth Science

Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
Southwest Research Institute
University of Texas at San Antonio
Southwest Research Institute
University of Central Florida
NASA Ames Research Center
Université Joseph Fourier
JPL
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
University of Colorado Boulder
Washington University in St. Louis, McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences
Lowell Observatory
NRC
Stanford University
New Mexico State University
Columbia University
UCLA
Planetary Science Institute
The University of Texas at Austin
University of Maryland, College Park
Planetary Environments Laboratory
Aix-Marseille Université

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present new, ice species-specific New Horizons/Alice upper gas coma production limits from the 2019 January 1 MU69/Arrokoth flyby of Gladstone et al. and use them to make predictions about the rarity of majority hypervolatile (CO, N₂, CH₄) ices in Kuiper Belt objects and Oort Cloud comets. These predictions have a number of important implications for the study of the Oort Cloud, including the determination of hypervolatile-rich comets as the first objects emplaced into the Oort Cloud, the measurement of CO/N₂/CH₄ abundance ratios in the protoplanetary disk from hypervolatile-rich comets, and population statistical constraints on early (<20 Myr) planetary aggregation driven versus later (>50 Myr) planetary migration driven emplacement of objects into the Oort Cloud. They imply that the phenomenon of ultradistant active comets like C/2017K2 should be rare, and thus not a general characteristic of all comets. They also suggest that interstellar object 2I/Borisov may not have originated in a planetary system that was inordinately CO rich, but rather could have been ejected onto an interstellar trajectory very early in its natal system's history.

Original language	British English
Article number	112
Journal	Planetary Science Journal
Volume	3
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ac6097
State	Published - 1 May 2022

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Lisse, C. M., Gladstone, G. R., Young, L. A., Cruikshank, D. P., Sandford, S. A., Schmitt, B., Stern, S. A., Weaver, H. A., Umurhan, O., Pendleton, Y. J., Keane, J. T., Parker, J. M., Binzel, R. P., Earle, A. M., Horanyi, M., El-Maarry, M., Cheng, A. F., Moore, J. M., McKinnon, W. B., ... Mousis, O. (2022). A Predicted Dearth of Majority Hypervolatile Ices in Oort Cloud Comets. Planetary Science Journal, 3(5), Article 112. https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ac6097

@article{78ba8c123e9d4868a1775f0880773258,

title = "A Predicted Dearth of Majority Hypervolatile Ices in Oort Cloud Comets",

abstract = "We present new, ice species-specific New Horizons/Alice upper gas coma production limits from the 2019 January 1 MU69/Arrokoth flyby of Gladstone et al. and use them to make predictions about the rarity of majority hypervolatile (CO, N2, CH4) ices in Kuiper Belt objects and Oort Cloud comets. These predictions have a number of important implications for the study of the Oort Cloud, including the determination of hypervolatile-rich comets as the first objects emplaced into the Oort Cloud, the measurement of CO/N2/CH4 abundance ratios in the protoplanetary disk from hypervolatile-rich comets, and population statistical constraints on early (<20 Myr) planetary aggregation driven versus later (>50 Myr) planetary migration driven emplacement of objects into the Oort Cloud. They imply that the phenomenon of ultradistant active comets like C/2017K2 should be rare, and thus not a general characteristic of all comets. They also suggest that interstellar object 2I/Borisov may not have originated in a planetary system that was inordinately CO rich, but rather could have been ejected onto an interstellar trajectory very early in its natal system's history.",

author = "Lisse, \{C. M.\} and Gladstone, \{G. R.\} and Young, \{L. A.\} and Cruikshank, \{D. P.\} and Sandford, \{S. A.\} and B. Schmitt and Stern, \{S. A.\} and Weaver, \{H. A.\} and O. Umurhan and Pendleton, \{Y. J.\} and Keane, \{J. T.\} and Parker, \{J. M.\} and Binzel, \{R. P.\} and Earle, \{A. M.\} and M. Horanyi and M. El-Maarry and Cheng, \{A. F.\} and Moore, \{J. M.\} and McKinnon, \{W. B.\} and Grundy, \{W. M.\} and Kavelaars, \{J. J.\} and Linscott, \{I. R.\} and W. Lyra and Lewis, \{B. L.\} and Britt, \{D. T.\} and Spencer, \{J. R.\} and Olkin, \{C. B.\} and McNutt, \{R. L.\} and Elliott, \{H. A.\} and N. Dello-Russo and Steckloff, \{J. K.\} and M. Neveu and O. Mousis",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank NASA for financial support of the New Horizons project that funded this study via funding from contracts NASW-02008 and NAS5-97271/TaskOrder30, and the entire New Horizons mission team for making the success of the flyby and its groundbreaking data return possible. The authors are also indebted to an anonymous graduate student who attended the “UCLA Planet Lunch Seminar” on 2021 May 7 for the inspiration to write this material up into an article. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2022",

month = may,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/PSJ/ac6097",

language = "British English",

volume = "3",

journal = "Planetary Science Journal",

issn = "2632-3338",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "5",

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Lisse, CM, Gladstone, GR, Young, LA, Cruikshank, DP, Sandford, SA, Schmitt, B, Stern, SA, Weaver, HA, Umurhan, O, Pendleton, YJ, Keane, JT, Parker, JM, Binzel, RP, Earle, AM, Horanyi, M, El-Maarry, M, Cheng, AF, Moore, JM, McKinnon, WB, Grundy, WM, Kavelaars, JJ, Linscott, IR, Lyra, W, Lewis, BL, Britt, DT, Spencer, JR, Olkin, CB, McNutt, RL, Elliott, HA, Dello-Russo, N, Steckloff, JK, Neveu, M & Mousis, O 2022, 'A Predicted Dearth of Majority Hypervolatile Ices in Oort Cloud Comets', Planetary Science Journal, vol. 3, no. 5, 112. https://doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/ac6097

TY - JOUR

T1 - A Predicted Dearth of Majority Hypervolatile Ices in Oort Cloud Comets

AU - Lisse, C. M.

AU - Gladstone, G. R.

AU - Young, L. A.

AU - Cruikshank, D. P.

AU - Sandford, S. A.

AU - Schmitt, B.

AU - Stern, S. A.

AU - Weaver, H. A.

AU - Umurhan, O.

AU - Pendleton, Y. J.

AU - Keane, J. T.

AU - Parker, J. M.

AU - Binzel, R. P.

AU - Earle, A. M.

AU - Horanyi, M.

AU - El-Maarry, M.

AU - Cheng, A. F.

AU - Moore, J. M.

AU - McKinnon, W. B.

AU - Grundy, W. M.

AU - Kavelaars, J. J.

AU - Linscott, I. R.

AU - Lyra, W.

AU - Lewis, B. L.

AU - Britt, D. T.

AU - Spencer, J. R.

AU - Olkin, C. B.

AU - McNutt, R. L.

AU - Elliott, H. A.

AU - Dello-Russo, N.

AU - Steckloff, J. K.

AU - Neveu, M.

AU - Mousis, O.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank NASA for financial support of the New Horizons project that funded this study via funding from contracts NASW-02008 and NAS5-97271/TaskOrder30, and the entire New Horizons mission team for making the success of the flyby and its groundbreaking data return possible. The authors are also indebted to an anonymous graduate student who attended the “UCLA Planet Lunch Seminar” on 2021 May 7 for the inspiration to write this material up into an article. Publisher Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

PY - 2022/5/1

Y1 - 2022/5/1

N2 - We present new, ice species-specific New Horizons/Alice upper gas coma production limits from the 2019 January 1 MU69/Arrokoth flyby of Gladstone et al. and use them to make predictions about the rarity of majority hypervolatile (CO, N2, CH4) ices in Kuiper Belt objects and Oort Cloud comets. These predictions have a number of important implications for the study of the Oort Cloud, including the determination of hypervolatile-rich comets as the first objects emplaced into the Oort Cloud, the measurement of CO/N2/CH4 abundance ratios in the protoplanetary disk from hypervolatile-rich comets, and population statistical constraints on early (<20 Myr) planetary aggregation driven versus later (>50 Myr) planetary migration driven emplacement of objects into the Oort Cloud. They imply that the phenomenon of ultradistant active comets like C/2017K2 should be rare, and thus not a general characteristic of all comets. They also suggest that interstellar object 2I/Borisov may not have originated in a planetary system that was inordinately CO rich, but rather could have been ejected onto an interstellar trajectory very early in its natal system's history.

AB - We present new, ice species-specific New Horizons/Alice upper gas coma production limits from the 2019 January 1 MU69/Arrokoth flyby of Gladstone et al. and use them to make predictions about the rarity of majority hypervolatile (CO, N2, CH4) ices in Kuiper Belt objects and Oort Cloud comets. These predictions have a number of important implications for the study of the Oort Cloud, including the determination of hypervolatile-rich comets as the first objects emplaced into the Oort Cloud, the measurement of CO/N2/CH4 abundance ratios in the protoplanetary disk from hypervolatile-rich comets, and population statistical constraints on early (<20 Myr) planetary aggregation driven versus later (>50 Myr) planetary migration driven emplacement of objects into the Oort Cloud. They imply that the phenomenon of ultradistant active comets like C/2017K2 should be rare, and thus not a general characteristic of all comets. They also suggest that interstellar object 2I/Borisov may not have originated in a planetary system that was inordinately CO rich, but rather could have been ejected onto an interstellar trajectory very early in its natal system's history.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85138737711

U2 - 10.3847/PSJ/ac6097

DO - 10.3847/PSJ/ac6097

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85138737711

SN - 2632-3338

VL - 3

JO - Planetary Science Journal

JF - Planetary Science Journal

IS - 5

M1 - 112

ER -

A Predicted Dearth of Majority Hypervolatile Ices in Oort Cloud Comets

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