A Novel Demand Response Control Scheme with Application of Renewable Energy Sources in a Deregulated Environment

This article presents a prominent Demand Response (DR) strategy as a new control scheme for frequency regulation (FR) in a deregulated environment. The proposed work emphasizes the penetration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) for the suggested control strategy. In the hybrid DR framework, the analysis is carried out with the integration of Parabolic Trough Solar Thermal (PTST) generation, Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind power generation, and biogas unit. The application of electric vehicles (EV) is utilized to overwhelm the challenges of RES that collectively assist some portion of the uncontracted demand. A novel two degree-of-freedom (fractional order proportional integral) tilt-integral derivative (2DOF (FOPI)-TID) feedback controller is designed for the anticipated Automatic Generation Control (AGC). A quasi-opposition-based Harris-Hawkes optimization (QOHHO) is employed for the best gain settings of the proposed control mechanism. The designed controller performs well with wide variations in system parameters and comparison with some other control approach. Case studies of random load perturbations reveal the efficacy of the proposed controller. Furthermore, the significantly improved results confirm the viability of the suggested frequency regulation strategy with DR in a deregulated scenario.