TY - JOUR
T1 - 3D printing of magneto-active smart materials for advanced actuators and soft robotics applications
AU - Khalid, Muhammad Yasir
AU - Arif, Zia Ullah
AU - Tariq, Ali
AU - Hossain, Mokarram
AU - Ahmed Khan, Kamran
AU - Umer, Rehan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors
PY - 2024/2/7
Y1 - 2024/2/7
N2 - In the contemporary era, novel manufacturing technologies like additive manufacturing (AM) have revolutionized the different engineering sectors including biomedical, aerospace, electronics, etc. Four-dimensional (4D) printing aka AM of smart materials is gaining popularity among the scientific community, which has the excellent ability to make soft structures such as soft robots, actuators, and grippers. These soft structures are developed by applying various stimuli such as pH, temperature, magnetic field, and many combinations onto soft materials. Stimuli in 3D printing permit various shape-morphing behaviors such as bending, twisting, folding, swelling, rolling, shrinking, origami, or locomotion. A wide variety of soft magnetic structures can be fabricated through the incorporation of soft or hard magnetic particles into soft materials resulting in magneto-active soft materials (MASMs). With this integration, magneto-thermal coupling actuation allows diverse magneto-deformations, facilitating the development of personalized devices that are capable of enhanced deformation. In this review, guidelines are provided on the 3D printing for MASMs such as magneto-active polymers (MAPs), magneto-active composites, and magneto-active hydrogels (MAHs) on the booming development of various smart and flexible devices such as soft robots, wearable electronics, and biomimetic devices. Moreover, 3D-printed soft robotics have an outstanding capacity to adapt to complicated situations for many advanced actuating applications. Finally, some current challenges and emerging areas in this exciting technology have been proposed. Lastly, it is anticipated that technological advancements in developing smart and intelligent magneto-active structures will have a significant impact on the design of real-world applications.
AB - In the contemporary era, novel manufacturing technologies like additive manufacturing (AM) have revolutionized the different engineering sectors including biomedical, aerospace, electronics, etc. Four-dimensional (4D) printing aka AM of smart materials is gaining popularity among the scientific community, which has the excellent ability to make soft structures such as soft robots, actuators, and grippers. These soft structures are developed by applying various stimuli such as pH, temperature, magnetic field, and many combinations onto soft materials. Stimuli in 3D printing permit various shape-morphing behaviors such as bending, twisting, folding, swelling, rolling, shrinking, origami, or locomotion. A wide variety of soft magnetic structures can be fabricated through the incorporation of soft or hard magnetic particles into soft materials resulting in magneto-active soft materials (MASMs). With this integration, magneto-thermal coupling actuation allows diverse magneto-deformations, facilitating the development of personalized devices that are capable of enhanced deformation. In this review, guidelines are provided on the 3D printing for MASMs such as magneto-active polymers (MAPs), magneto-active composites, and magneto-active hydrogels (MAHs) on the booming development of various smart and flexible devices such as soft robots, wearable electronics, and biomimetic devices. Moreover, 3D-printed soft robotics have an outstanding capacity to adapt to complicated situations for many advanced actuating applications. Finally, some current challenges and emerging areas in this exciting technology have been proposed. Lastly, it is anticipated that technological advancements in developing smart and intelligent magneto-active structures will have a significant impact on the design of real-world applications.
KW - 3D printing
KW - 4D Printing
KW - Magneto-active materials
KW - Smart actuators
KW - Soft robotics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85182021547&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112718
DO - 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112718
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85182021547
SN - 0014-3057
VL - 205
JO - European Polymer Journal
JF - European Polymer Journal
M1 - 112718
ER -